Activities for toddlers 2. Development of the toddler
We must look at the child as a WHOLE (a brief overview). Te physical development the social development the emotional development the intellectual development
2.1 Physical Development Children can only develop physical skills when their muscles are ready.
By 18 months, both large and small muscles are better controlled. Toddlers can walk alone, climb stairs, and bend over without falling. Tey learn to hold things and play with things, to feed themselves, to dress themselves and other physical skills.
At 2 years of age, children are just beginning to run without falling. Tey can bend over and pick something up off the floor without falling over. At 2 years of age, they can jump up from the floor with both feet. Tey can kick a ball.
Why must the educarer encourage the physical development of a child?
Because the child then: releases energy builds fine and gross motor skills gains control over his body refines eye-hand co-ordination develops self-awareness gains health and fitness.
A quick overview of the social development from small babies to pre-schoolers will help to gain a greater understanding of their play.
2.2 Social development
Social development means learning to live with other people, both adults and children, and learning how to get on with them.
18-months to three-year-olds still need mothering. If they feel close to an educarer or an adult outside their home and area, happy to be with her and want to please her, this is a great step forward. Tey will have learnt an important lesson in trust.
Stages of development in social play
Babies and toddlers have a clearly defined social self. Babies
1 year old Toddlers
Smile and make sociable sounds in response to the quality and frequency of attention from the educarer. Socialisation occurs through interaction.
Infants smile at and touch another and vocalise in a sociable way.
Play well on their own (solitary play) or with adults. Tey can become more aware of one another and play alongside without interacting (parallel play). Tey are aware of and pleased about the other person – but not directly involved.
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