Module 1
Exercise 1.9
3248 characters with spaces
In preparation of the timed accuracy test, type the following for three minutes. Jaded zombies acted quaintly but kept driving their oxen forward.
Volcanoes are awesome manifestations of the fiery power contained deep within the Earth. Tese formations are essentially vents on the Earth’s surface where molten rock, debris, and gases from the planet’s interior are emitted.
When thick magma and large amounts of gas build up under the surface, eruptions can be explosive, expelling lava, rocks and ash into the air. Less gas and more viscous magma usually mean a less dramatic eruption, oſten causing streams of lava to ooze from the vent.
Te mountain-like mounds that we associate with volcanoes are what remain aſter the material spewed during eruptions has collected and hardened around the vent. Tis can happen over a period of weeks or many millions of years.
A large eruption can be extremely dangerous for people living near a volcano. Flows of searing lava, which can reach 1,250 degrees Celsius or more, can be released, burning everything in its path, including whole towns. Boulders of hardening lava can rain down on villages. Mud flows from rapidly melting snow can strip mountains and valleys bare and bury towns. Ash and toxic gases can cause lung damage and other problems, particularly for infants and the elderly. Scientists estimate that more than 260 000 people have died in the past 300 years from volcanic eruptions and their aſtermath.
Volcanoes tend to exist along the edges between tectonic plates, massive rock slabs that make up Earth’s surface. About 90 % of all volcanoes exist within the Ring of Fire along the edges of the Pacific Ocean.
About 1 900 volcanoes on Earth are considered active, meaning they show some level of activity and are likely to explode again. Many other volcanoes are dormant, showing no current signs of exploding but likely to become active at some point in the future. Others are considered extinct.
As volcanoes are awesome manifestations of the fiery power contained, tornadoes are nature’s most violent storms and destructive of all weather phenomena. A tornado is a violent rotating column of air extending from a thunderstorm, but despite the significant amount of research into the origin and prediction thereof, the phenomenon is still not fully understood or predictable. Field research on tornadoes is particularly difficult due to their short lifetime, the small area affected by them and the low probability of occurrence at a particular point. Spawned from powerful thunderstorms, tornadoes can cause fatalities and devastate a neighbourhood in seconds. A tornado, tornado, from the Latin, to turn, appears as a rotating, funnel-shaped cloud that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground with whirling winds that can reach 480 kilometres per hour. Damage paths can be in excess of 2 kilometres wide and 80 kilometres long. Some tornadoes are clearly visible, while rain or nearby low-hanging clouds obscure others. Occasionally, tornadoes develop so rapidly that little, if any, advance warning is possible. Before a tornado hits, the wind may die down and the air may become very still. A cloud of debris can mark the location of a tornado even if a funnel is not visible. Tornadoes generally occur near the trailing edge of a thunderstorm. It is not uncommon to see clear, sunlit skies behind a tornado.
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