Module 1


Soſtware is any set of organised instructions, in the form of computer programs, that tells the CPU what to do. Te two main types of soſtware are operating system soſtware and application soſtware.


An operating system is the most important soſtware that runs on a computer. It controls the


activities of computer hardware components; provides an interface for users to manage files and folders, personalise the computer and customise computer settings, and provides an avenue for users to communicate with the computer and other soſtware applications.


Application soſtware comprises programs that function on the operating system and allows users to manipulate data. Soſtware developers write and sell application soſtware, e.g.


Microsoſt Office Word is a word processing application program e.g. enter, save, edit, format text data


Microsoſt Office Excel is a spreadsheet application program, e.g. enter and manipulate numerical data in a table format


Microsoſt Office PowerPoint is a presentations application program, e.g. used to display data graphically, and Microsoſt Office Access is a database application program, e.g. store and manipulate large amounts of data.


Operating systems perform basic tasks, such as recognising input from the keyboard, sending output to the display screen, keeping track of files and directories on the disk, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers. Te operating system is also responsible for security, ensuring that unauthorised users do not access the system.


Application Monitor Disk drive


Operating system


Keyboard


Mouse


Printer


Types of operating systems: • Multi-user:


• Multi-processing: • Multi-tasking: • Multi-threading: • Real-time:


4


Allows two or more users to run programs at the same time. Supports running a program on more than one CPU. Allows more than one program to run concurrently.


Allows different parts of a single program to run concurrently. Responds to input instantly.


FutureManagers


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